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结肠直肠癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,严重威胁着人类的健康和生命。化学预防是指使用药物、维生素或营养补充剂等来降低癌症的发生或复发的风险。海洋微藻是单细胞或简单的多细胞光合自养微生物,具有生长速度快、光合效率高以及适应性强等特点,并能产生许多宝贵的天然活性化合物,包括类胡萝卜素、脂肪酸、多糖和蛋白质等。大量的研究表明,海洋微藻产生的类胡萝卜素、脂肪酸、多糖和蛋白质等天然活性物质,对结肠癌有化学预防作用。本研究综述了近年来有关海洋微藻活性物质对结肠直肠癌预防作用的研究,并展望了海洋微藻活性物质在结肠直肠癌化学预防中的应用前景。
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, which seriously threatens human health and life. Chemical prevention refers to the use of drugs, vitamins or nutritional supplements, etc. to reduce the risk of cancer occurrence or recurrence. Marine micro-algae are single-cell or simple multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs with the characteristics of fast growth, high photosynthetic efficiency and adaptability. They also produce many valuable natural active compounds, including carotenoids, fatty acids, polysaccharides and Protein and so on. Numerous studies have shown that marine microalgae produce carotenoids, fatty acids, polysaccharides and proteins and other natural active substances have a chemopreventive effect on colon cancer. This review summarizes the recent studies on the preventive effect of marine microalgae active substances on colorectal cancer and prospects of the application of marine microalgae active substances in chemical prevention of colorectal cancer.