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比较马克思关于“真正实证的科学”阐述的中、英、德三种不同的文本可以发现,其“真正实证的科学”并非实证科学,“实证”应理解为“现实”、“实际”、“实践”等,“科学”也不是现代分科科学,而是德国哲学传统意义上的科学。因此,不能把历史唯物主义仅仅理解为具有实证性的社会学理论或历史理论,而应主要理解为哲学,历史唯物主义的哲学品性不容否定。同时,马克思“消灭哲学”的论断必须从否定之否定的角度理解。对马克思否定性概念的不正确理解导致对马克思哲学观的扭曲及历史唯物主义性质的误解,正本清源,首当此始。
Comparing Marx’s three different versions of Chinese, English and German speeches elaborated by “truly positive science ” reveals that his “real evidence of science” is not an empirical science, and “empirical” should be understood as “reality ”, “ Actual ”, “ Practice ”and so on.“ Science ”is not a modern branch science but a science in the traditional sense of German philosophy. Therefore, historical materialism can not be understood merely as positivist sociological or historical theories, but mainly as philosophical and historical materialism’s philosophical character can not be denied. At the same time, Marx’s thesis of “eliminating philosophy” must be understood from the negative point of negation. The incorrect understanding of Marx’s concept of negation led to the distortion of Marxist philosophy and the misunderstanding of the historical materialism.