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杂种优势利用是大幅度提高作物产量、改良作物品质的有效途径,而作物雄性不育及优良的育性恢复种质是利用杂种优势的关键因素。为此,综述了近年来有关花药发育重要基因克隆和功能验证研究方面的重要成果,以及运用植物遗传转化工程创制植物雄性不育种质的进展。同时讨论了利用转基因技术创制作物雄性不育系、恢复系和保持系的技术策略,并对利用植物遗传转化技术创制植物杂种优势利用中“三系”种质的现状进行了分析和展望。
Heterosis utilization is an effective way to increase crop yield and improve crop quality significantly. However, crop sterility and fine fertility restoration are the key factors to utilize heterosis. In this paper, the important achievements in recent years on the cloning and functional verification of important genes for anther development are summarized, and the progress of plant breeding using plant genetic transformation is reviewed. At the same time, we discussed the strategy of using transgenic technology to create crop CMS, restorer line and maintainer line, and analyzed the status quo of plant germplasm transformation using “three lines” germplasm resources. .