In most European countries, Pediatric Orthopedic ( PO ) surgeons graduated from an approved Orthopedic and Trauma surgery training program which lasts 5 or 6 years, depending on the country. Upon completion of the Orthopedic and Trauma surgery program, the future PO surgeon must complete an additional subspecialty training ( one to two years, depending on the country ) in PO surgery. The possibility to become a certified PO surgeon through the specialization in Pediatric Surgery ( option Orthopedics ) or through a dedicated PO surgery training program only exists in France and in Romania, respectively. Credit as active and fully responsible PO surgeon can only be claimed when the trainee has actively participated in all phases of treatment, from diagnosis to treatment, without forgetting the management of complications and the setting up of an adequate follow-up of children and adolescents with musculoskeletal disorders.