地震解释中的各种陷阱是由区域或局部的速度变化、采集方式或处理中的人为因素造成的假构造。这些假构造可能使解释人员作出错误的解释或定出无商业价值的井或干井。本文就是我们对速度导致的陷阱即断层屏蔽及如何识别它们的简略分析。已有许多干井钻入由地震发现的断层下盘的小型滚动构造(或者正断层的上升盘,或者逆断层的下降盘)。被断面屏蔽的某些构造可能是真实的,且有闭合度,但有些构造可能是假的,是由断层两侧的横向速度差——断层的屏蔽效应造成的。为了使断层屏蔽直观化,我们建立了简化的二维地质模型并根据模型绘制了合成地震剖面。模型1由一系列具有正断层的平层组成。速度随着深度增加,一高速层插在模型的中部(见图1)。在把深度模型转换成时间模型(图2)后,在断层的下盘显示出明显的构造,但是,构 The various pitfalls in seismic interpretation are fake structures caused by regional or local velocity variations, acquisition patterns, or man-made processes. These fictitious structures may cause interpreters to misinterpret or delineate wells or dry wells that have no commercial value. This article is a quick analysis of the pitfalls caused by speed, ie, the shielding of faults and how to recognize them. Many dry wells have been drilled into small rolling formations (or normal-faulting risers, or thrust faults) of small-scale faults discovered by earthquakes. Some configurations that are shielded by the section may be true and closed, but some may be false, due to the lateral velocity difference between both sides of the fault - the shielding effect of the fault. In order to visualize the fault shield, we have established a simplified two-dimensional geological model and plotted synthetic seismic profiles based on the model. Model 1 consists of a series of flat layers with normal faults. Velocity increases with depth, with a high velocity layer inserted in the middle of the model (see Figure 1). After transforming the depth model into a time model (Figure 2), a clear structure is shown in the lower plate of the fault, however,