儿童细菌性脑膜炎不仅病死率高,而且常留有神经和精神后遗症。虽然细菌性脑膜炎的预后自应用抗生素后有不少改善,但近年来由于肠道革兰氏阴性杆菌对多种抗生素耐药,许多常见致病菌对药物敏感性发生了变化,因而常给选用抗生素治疗带来困难。已知部分第三代头孢菌素在脑膜有炎症时具有足够的脑脊液(CSF)渗透作用,其中头孢噻肟(cefotaxime)体外试验对革兰氏阳性球菌和阴性杆菌有强大的抗菌活性, Bacterial meningitis in children is not only high mortality, and often leave nervous and mental sequelae. Although the prognosis of bacterial meningitis since the application of antibiotics have improved a lot, but in recent years due to intestinal Gram-negative bacilli resistant to a variety of antibiotics, many common pathogens have changed the sensitivity of the drug, which often give Antibiotic treatment is difficult. It is known that some third generation cephalosporins have sufficient cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infiltration when the meninges are inflamed. Among them, cefotaxime has strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive cocci and negative bacilli in vitro,