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通过4种不同前茬耕地上胡麻干物质积累规律及产量构成因子的变化,分析其对胡麻产量和品质的影响,为胡麻合理接茬复种提供理论依据。结果表明,不同前茬作物使胡麻不同生长期干物质积累量总体呈上升趋势,在生理成熟期达到最大值。与不倒茬(T0)相比,4种前茬作物对胡麻不同生长期干物质量积累都有增加作用,其中豆茬(T3)处理胡麻干物质积累量最大。荞麦茬(T2)、谷茬(T1)对胡麻工艺长度和株高影响较大,豆茬(T3)、荞麦茬(T2)对单株有效蒴果数和千粒重影响大于其他几种茬口。与T0相比,4种茬口使胡麻子粒中硬脂酸含量都有所提高,对胡麻含油率、亚麻酸、亚油酸、油酸和棕榈酸等品质性状的影响无明显差异。与T0相比,豆茬是最优前茬,荞麦茬、谷茬次之,薯茬最差。
Through the changes of dry matter accumulation law and yield components of flax in four different former cropland cultivars, the influence on the yield and quality of flax was analyzed. The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter in different growth stages of flax was increased with different stubble crops, and reached its maximum during physiological maturation. Compared with non-tiller (T0), the four kinds of former crop had an increasing effect on the accumulation of dry matter in different growth stages of flax, and the dry matter accumulation of T3 was the highest. Buckwheat stubble (T2) and stubble stubble (T1) had a significant impact on the length and plant height of flax, but the effects of stubble (T3) and buckwheat stubble (T2) on the number of effective bolls and grain weight per plant were greater than those of other stubble stubble. Compared with T0, four kinds of stubble grains increased the content of stearic acid in flax seeds, and had no significant difference on the quality of flaxseed oil, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid. Compared with T0, stubble is the best stubble, buckwheat stubble, stubble second, potato stubble the worst.