论文部分内容阅读
生态位体现了物种在群落中利用资源的能力及种间关系,在生态学研究中具有重要的意义。为探求浙江瓯飞围填海区渔业资源群落结构的形成和影响因素,于2014年5月对浙江瓯飞围填海区渔业资源进行调查。通过相对重要性指数确定资源群落优势种,结合非度量多维标度法和Bray-Curtis相似性分析法对优势种的生态位宽度、生态位重叠值进行分析,并以典范对应分析(CCA)研究生态位分化状况。结果表明:(1)该海域优势鱼种为12种,与围填海工程开始前(2007年)相近,主要优势鱼种为白姑鱼;(2)优势种生态位变化范围为0.31~2.32,生态位较宽的有白姑鱼、皮氏叫姑鱼、银鲳、口虾姑、三疣梭子蟹、棘头梅童鱼和龙头鱼,优势种间的生态重叠值为0.01~0.95,差异较大,其中班与绿鳍红娘鱼的重叠值最高,为0.95,CCA分析结果显示优势种生态位的宽度、优势种间的重叠值与物种的功能类群及生境状况密切相关,并非简单正相关;(3)影响围填海区渔业资源物种分布的最主要因子是悬浮物和叶绿素,其次为p H、水温和盐度,溶解氧的影响最小,这些环境因素综合解释了此区域渔业资源群落种类组成59.0%的总变异。
Niche reflects the ability of species to utilize resources in the community and the relationship between species, which is of great significance in the study of ecology. In order to explore the formation and influencing factors of fishery resources community structure in Oufei reclamation area of Zhejiang Province, fishery resources in Oufei reclamation area of Zhejiang Province were investigated in May 2014. Based on the relative importance index, the dominant species of resource community were determined, and the niche breadth and niche overlap of dominant species were analyzed by using non-metric multidimensional scaling method and Bray-Curtis similarity analysis method, and the results were analyzed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) Niche differentiation status. The results showed that: (1) There are 12 species of dominant species in this area, which are similar to those before reclamation (2007), and the dominant species is Porkfish; (2) The dominant species range from 0.31 to 2.32 The ecological niche between dominant species was between 0.01 and 0.95, and the ecological niche overlap between the dominant species was Porphyra spp., Coccinella sylvestris, Sogatella furcifera, Crayfish, Portunus trituberculatus, The results showed that the width of dominant niche breadth and the overlap of dominant species were closely related to the functional taxa and habitat status of species, not simply (3) The main factors affecting the distribution of fishery resources in reclamation area are suspended solids and chlorophyll, followed by p H, water temperature and salinity, with the least effect of dissolved oxygen. These environmental factors comprehensively explained the relationship between the fishery resource community The species composition accounted for 59.0% of the total variance.