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中熟转基因抗虫杂交棉中棉所70具有高产优质特点,由高产且综合性状优良的抗虫棉SGK 156与品质优异的渐渗系材料901-001为亲本配制。本文对该杂交种F1及其自交后代F2、F2:3、F2:4和F2:5共4个分离世代材料的皮棉产量和品质性状进行了详细调查和相关性分析。结果表明,杂种F1纤维品质表现突出,上半部平均长度平均为33.00 mm,断裂比强度为33.3 c N·tex-1。在分离群体中,各性状均存在大量的超亲变异,衣分与纤维长度及强度为极显著负相关,与马克隆值为极显著正相关,说明棉花产量与品质间的同步改良仍存在困难。此外,从F2:5株系中挑选出11个优异品系,其中4个材料的皮棉产量超对照,上半部平均长度均高于31.80 mm,断裂比强度在31.0 c N·tex-1以上,铃重均大于6.26 g,衣分最高为38.64%,这表明通过高代自交是可以筛选出具有优异产量及品质性状的品系。本研究为棉花数量性状遗传、基因功能分析、基因聚合育种改良等研究储备了大量的基础材料。
The middle-maturing transgenic insect-resistant hybrid cotton Zhongmiansuo 70 was characterized by its high yield and good quality. It was formulated by SGK 156 with high yield and good comprehensive traits and 901-001 with high quality introgression system. In this paper, the lint yield and quality traits of four F1 hybrids F1, F2, F2: 3, F2: 4 and F2: 5 were analyzed in detail and correlated. The results showed that the quality of hybrid F1 fiber was outstanding. The average length of the upper half was 33.00 mm and the breaking strength was 33.3 cN · tex-1. There were a large number of super-parents variation among the traits in the segregation population. The lint percentage was extremely significantly negatively correlated with the fiber length and intensity, and the micronaire value was extremely significantly and positively correlated, indicating that there was still some difficulty in the synchronous improvement of cotton yield and quality . In addition, eleven excellent strains were selected from F2: 5 lines. Among them, the lint yield of 4 materials exceeded the control, the average length of the upper half was above 31.80 mm, the breaking strength was above 31.0 cN · tex-1, The boll weight was more than 6.26 g, and the maximum was 38.64% .This indicated that the lines with excellent yield and quality characters could be screened through the high generation of selfing. In this study, a large number of basic materials were reserved for the study of quantitative trait inheritance, gene function analysis, gene polymerization and breeding improvement.