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目的了解洞庭湖区所有涵闸分布分类及改造情况,探讨涵闸运行与钉螺扩散分布的关系。方法收集当地水利部门涵闸和血防部门查螺资料,用GPS map76精确定位每座涵闸的经纬度并做记录。结果洞庭湖区共有涵闸589座,可进螺闸190座,已改造69座;进螺闸49座,已改造8座。引水闸钉螺出现率明显高于排渍闸(χ2=4.48,P<0.05);涵闸外有螺时闸内钉螺出现率明显高于涵闸外无螺时(χ2=8.78,P<0.05)。结论引水灌溉是洞庭湖区涵闸外钉螺向涵闸内扩散的主要途径。进螺闸亟需改造,同时应加强涵闸内外灭螺,以巩固垸内灭螺效果。
Objective To understand the distribution and reconstruction of all culverts in Dongting Lake area and discuss the relationship between the operation of culverts and the distribution of snails. Methods The data of culverts, bloodstains and departments of local water conservancy departments were collected, and GPS map 76 was used to accurately locate the longitude and latitude of each culvert. Results A total of 589 culverts were found in the Dongting Lake area, of which 190 were scored, 69 were rebuilt, 49 were screwed in and 8 were rebuilt. The incidence of snail on the floodgate was significantly higher than that on the floodgate (χ2 = 4.48, P <0.05). The incidence of snail on the floodgate was significantly higher than that on the non-flooded culvert (χ2 = 8.78, P <0.05). Conclusions Diversion irrigation is the main way to spread the snail outside the culvert of Dongting Lake to the culvert. Into the screw urgent need to transform, at the same time should strengthen the sluice inside and outside the snail to consolidate the embankment snail effect.