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聚乙烯亚胺(Polyethylenimine,PEI)是阳离子聚合物非病毒基因转染载体的代表之一,具有转染效率高,易于从溶酶体中逃逸,易于化学修饰等优点。但PEI毒性大,靶向性低,不易在体内生物降解的缺点限制了其应用。因此,许多研究者致力于PEI的结构修饰,在一定程度上改善了PEI的缺点。该文综述了生物相容性材料修饰的基于PEI的载体、靶向因子修饰的基于PEI的载体及基于PEI的环境响应型可解聚载体在基因递送方面的研究进展,以期为合理设计基因递送体系提供新的思路和方法。
Polyethylenimine (PEI) is one of the representatives of cationic polymer non-viral gene transfection vectors. It has the advantages of high transfection efficiency, easy escape from lysosomes and easy chemical modification. However, PEI toxicity, low targeting, difficult to biodegradable in vivo shortcomings limit its application. Therefore, many researchers devoted to the structural modification of PEI, to a certain extent, improved the shortcomings of PEI. This review summarizes the advances in gene delivery of biocompatible material-modified PEI-based vectors, targeting factor-modified PEI-based vectors, and PEI-based environment-responsive disaggregated vectors with a view to rational design of gene delivery System provides new ideas and methods.