抗精子抗体的产生可能是引起不孕症的原因之一。近年来,对诱导抗精子抗体产生的精子抗原的研究逐渐深入,发现利用精子抗原的免疫原性可以达到免疫法避孕的目的。最近新发现了一些精子自身抗原和同种抗原,但是有些抗原在不孕症中的作用还没有得到证实。对精子抗原免疫反应本质的详细了解有助于发展避孕疫苗。 Anti-sperm antibodies may be one of the causes of infertility. In recent years, the research on sperm antigens induced by anti-sperm antibodies gradually deepened and found that the immunogenicity of sperm antigens can achieve the purpose of contraception by immunization. Recently, some sperm self-antigens and alloantigens have been newly discovered, but the role of some antigens in infertility has not yet been confirmed. A detailed understanding of the nature of the immune response to sperm antigens can help develop contraceptive vaccines.