从1840年鸦片战争到1911年辛亥革命的晚清时期,中国由一个主权完全独立的封建国家成为一个主权不完全独立的半殖民地半封建的国家,伴随着这一社会性质发生重大转变,政治体制也发生了相应的变化。晚清时期,在社会危机和统治危机进一步加深的情况下,清政府不得已采取了一系列的政治体制改革以自救。 From the Opium War of 1840 to the Revolution of 1911 in the late Qing Dynasty, China became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country with an entirely independent sovereignty and a semi-colonial and semi-feudal state with completely independent sovereignty. With the great change of social nature, the political system The corresponding changes have taken place. In the late Qing period, under the circumstance of the social crisis and the crisis of reign further deepened, the Qing government had to resort to a series of political structural reforms to save itself.