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目的:对患者输液过程中药物不良反应发生情况进行观察,并对患者的护理对策进行讨论。方法:选择该院2014年1月至2014年12月期间输液室68例输液过程中出现药物不良反应的患者,对所有患者的情况进行观察,并根据患者具体情况制定相应的护理对策。结果:发病部位在皮肤的有50例,占比例的73.5%;发病部位在心脑血管的8例,占比例的11.7%;发病部位在呼吸系统的4例,占比例的5.9%;发病部位在胃肠道的6例,占比例的8.9%。60例患者使用药物为抗生素,占比例的88.2%,其中有30例患者使用药物为头孢菌素,12例患者使用药物为青霉素类;18例患者使用药物为喹诺酮类药物,使用其他药物有8例,占比例的11.8%。结论:患者药物不良反应主要以皮疹为主,其次头晕、心慌、出冷汗等心脑血管症状。在护理过程中要对患者过敏史进行询问,严格规范药物配制,加强输液巡视,观察病情变化,若患者出现不良反应要及时停药,积极进行急救处理。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the occurrence of adverse drug reactions in patients during infusion and to discuss the nursing strategies of patients. Methods: From January 2014 to December 2014 in our hospital, 68 cases of adverse reactions of transfusion in transfusion room were observed. All the patients were observed and corresponding nursing measures were made according to the patients’ specific conditions. Results: The incidence of the site of the skin in 50 cases, accounting for 73.5% of the proportion; the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular in 8 cases, accounting for 11.7%; the incidence of respiratory system in 4 cases, accounting for 5.9% of the proportion; In the gastrointestinal tract in 6 cases, accounting for 8.9% of the proportion. Sixty patients used antibiotics, accounting for 88.2% of the patients, of whom 30 used cephalosporins and 12 used penicillins, 18 used quinolones and 8 used other drugs For example, the proportion of 11.8%. Conclusion: The main adverse drug reactions in patients with rashes, followed by dizziness, palpitation, cold sweats and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular symptoms. During the nursing process, patients should be asked about the history of allergy, strictly regulate the drug preparation, strengthen the infusion tour, observe the condition changes, if patients with adverse reactions should be promptly discontinued, and actively carry out emergency treatment.