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利用多体动力学和有限元法结合的混合方法对机车车体结构疲劳寿命进行仿真研究。首先在SIMPACK中建立机车整车的多体系统动力学模型,根据不同的载荷工况计算其载荷时间历程;其次根据有限元准静态应力分析法,获得车体结构的准静态应力应变影响因子(stresses influence coefficient,SIC),再利用模态分析技术获得车体结构固有频率和模态振型,以及确定车体结构危险点位置。基于危险应力分布的动载荷历程,结合车体材料的S—N曲线以及Palmgren-Miner损伤理论,利用FE-FATIGUE软件的安全强度因子分析法和WAFO(wave analysis for fatigue and oceanography)技术进行标准时域的车体结构疲劳寿命预测,其中包括应力应变的循环计数、损伤累积和寿命预测。实测结果和仿真结果相互对比表明,这种方法可以有效预测车体结构的疲劳寿命,其精度和动力学与有限元模型的精度有关。
The fatigue life of locomotive body structure is simulated by a hybrid method combining multi-body dynamics and finite element method. Firstly, the multi-body dynamics model of locomotive complete vehicle is established in SIMPACK and the load time history is calculated according to different load conditions. Secondly, according to the finite element quasi-static stress analysis method, the quasi-static stress and strain influencing factors ( stresses influence coefficient (SIC). Then the modal analysis technique is used to obtain the natural frequency and mode shape of the vehicle body structure, and the position of the dangerous point of the vehicle body structure is determined. Based on the dynamic load history of dangerous stress distribution, combined with the S-N curve of the vehicle body material and the Palmgren-Miner damage theory, the use of FE-FATIGUE software security factor analysis and WAFO (wave analysis for fatigue and oceanography) The body structure fatigue life prediction, including stress and strain cycle count, damage accumulation and life prediction. The comparison between measured results and simulation results shows that this method can effectively predict the fatigue life of vehicle body structure, and its accuracy and dynamics are related to the accuracy of the finite element model.