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在黑土区的坡耕地中,土壤的侵蚀主要包括风蚀和水蚀。它们侵蚀土壤表层,降低土壤的肥沃度,对农业的生产造成了很大的危害,并且分布面积比较大。这就需要运用综合治理的方法来解决。防治水蚀的主要途径是:提高土壤渗水、蓄水能力和速度,最大限度地减少地表径流。具体的操作方法有:选播良种,利用田间辅助等措施合理密植。完善施肥体制,增强地肥力以秸秆还田的方式使用有机肥。秋施肥,分层深施。及时调整作物的种植比例,使用横坡耕作和横坡垄断等方法耕种。
In sloping fields in the black soil area, soil erosion mainly includes wind erosion and water erosion. They erode the soil surface, reduce the fertility of the soil, causing great harm to the agricultural production, and the distribution area is relatively large. This requires the use of integrated management methods to solve. The main ways to prevent water erosion are: to improve soil water seepage, water storage capacity and speed, to minimize surface runoff. Specific methods of operation are: Seeding well-seeding, the use of field assistance and other measures close planting density. Perfecting the system of fertilization and enhancing fertility Use of organic fertilizers in a straw-returning manner. Autumn fertilizer, stratified application. Adjust the planting proportion of the crops in time and use the methods of cross slope cultivation and slope slope monopoly to cultivate.