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迈克·哈特在这篇文章中寻求两个要点:第一个要点是对于政治经济学批判的诉求;第二个要点是把政治经济学批判延展到财产批判。第一部分着力于分析马克思的《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的一个分期法,在其中不动产对动产的斗争的本质被揭露为私有财产自身的局限性。通过这个分析,本文指出,当代资本主义生产中存在一个相似的分期法,即从物质生产到非物质生产的过渡。这个过渡的本质标志了共者在资本主义生产的核心环节内获得的增加了的重要性与独立性。第二部分着力于分析《手稿》和《资本论》中对于共产主义的描述,以此来寻求共产主义在当代的可能。在这个过程中,本文探讨了在当代资本主义主导地位中涌现的所谓生态政治的生产,即对于生活形式本身的生产,或者说“人生产人”。综合这两个论点,本文认为,资本主义生产日渐依赖于共者,而共者的自主性是共产主义的本质,因此共产主义事业是可能的,在今天甚于以往任何时候。
Mike Hart in this article seeks two main points: The first point is the demand for the critique of political economy; the second point is the critique of political economy extended to property criticism. The first part focuses on the analysis of a staging method in Marx’s Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844, in which the essence of the struggle between real property and movable property is exposed as the limitation of private property itself. Through this analysis, this paper points out that there is a similar staging method in contemporary capitalist production, that is, the transition from material production to non-material production. The essence of this transition marks the increased importance and independence gained by the common people within the heart of capitalist production. The second part focuses on the analysis of the description of communism in Manuscripts and Capital, in order to seek the possibility of communism in the contemporary era. In this process, the article explores the production of the so-called ecological politics emerging in the dominance of contemporary capitalism, that is, the production of the forms of life itself, or “the production of human beings.” To sum up these two arguments, this article argues that the capitalist production increasingly depends on the co-owners and the total autonomy of the co-owners is the essence of communism. Therefore, the cause of communism is possible and is even more today than at any time in the past.