一、背景2007年12月,肯尼亚举行总统大选,时任总统的民族团结党领导人齐贝吉(MwaiKibaki)获得连任。选举结果公布后,反对党橙色民主运动认为选举过程存在舞弊并要求重新计票,但被选举委员会拒绝。此后,肯尼亚爆发多次抗议活动并由此引发大规模暴力活动。根据官方数据,截至2008年2月15日,共有1220人死亡(其中包括17名警务人员)、41396间房屋被烧毁,另外还有成百上千的人被迫离开自己的社区。此后,在联合国前秘书长安南带领的非洲知名人士小组斡旋下,肯尼亚执政党与反对党就分享权力达成协议,于2008年4月组建了联合政府。 I. Background In December 2007, when Kenya’s presidential election was held, Mwai Kibaki, the then leader of the National Solidarity Party, was reelected. After the announcement of the election result, the opposition Democratic Alliance for Democracy said the election process was fraudulent and required a re-counting of votes, but was rejected by the Election Committee. Since then, there have been many protests in Kenya, which have led to massive violence. According to official data, as of February 15, 2008, a total of 1,220 people were killed (including 17 police officers), 413,996 houses were burned, and hundreds more were forced to leave their communities. Since then, with the good offices of the Panel of Eminent Persons in Africa headed by the former UN Secretary General Annan, the ruling and opposition parties in Kenya have reached an agreement on the sharing of power and formed a coalition government in April 2008.