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番茄原产南美山区,喜温暖的气候,开花结果的适宜温度为日温20-25℃,夜温15-20℃。如在温低于13℃或高于22℃,就会引起番茄植株大量落花。此时可使用激素来处理花朵以防止落花,促进结实。 番茄施用激素的方法有沾花、喷花等方法。沾花不但费时费力,更严重的是如果沾到灰霉病孢子,便会传染开来,造成灰霉病流行,使得整个塑料大棚番茄病害严重,降低效益。我县从1990年开始积极推广番茄喷花技术,不仅省时省力,同时阻断了灰霉病的传染途径、取得很好的效果。具体做法是: 一、选用激素 用于番茄防止落花、促进结实的激素有2,4-D、防落素等。2,4-D活性高,见效快,但对其使用浓度的掌握要求高,稍有不慎易发生药害,使植株呈现鸡爪状,形成大量裂果或畸形果。因此,我们不用2,4-D,而用防落素。防落素的效果比较稳定,使用浓度范围广,且不易造成药害,果形整齐而美观。剂型宜选用纯度为95％以上的防落素原粉,若是复合型防落素,则应折算成纯品计量。
Tomato native South American mountains, like a warm climate, the appropriate temperature for flowering results for the day temperature 20-25 ℃, night temperature 15-20 ℃. Such as the temperature is lower than 13 ℃ or higher than 22 ℃, it will cause a large number of tomato plants falling flowers. Hormones can then be used to treat the flowers to prevent falling and to promote fruiting. Tomato application of hormonal methods are dip, spray and other methods. Stained flowers not only time-consuming and laborious, more serious is that if you get gray mold spores, it will be infected, causing gray mold epidemic, making the entire plastic greenhouse tomato serious disease and reduce efficiency. Since 1990, our county actively promoted tomato spraying technology, which not only saves time and labor, but also blocks the transmission of gray mold and achieves good results. The specific approach is: First, the choice of hormones for tomatoes to prevent falling, and promote strong hormones are 2,4-D, anti-down factors. 2,4-D activity is high, quick, but its use of high concentration requirements, a slight accident prone to injury, so that plants appear chicken claw-like, the formation of a large number of cracked fruit or deformed fruit. Therefore, we do not use 2,4-D, and use anti-PC. The effect of anti-pigmentation is relatively stable, the use of a wide range of concentrations, and not easy to cause injury, fruit neat and beautiful. Formulations should use the purity of more than 95% of the original anti-pigmented powder, if composite anti-litter, should be converted into pure product measurement.