上世纪50年代起,欧洲大陆开始的刑法改革确立了法治和人权的刑事政策,特别是战后初期的“社会防卫运动”主导了当时的刑法改革的方向。其中比较有代表性的观点就是对于以往的报复性司法进行了批判,主张建立人道主义的新型刑事政策。在强调刑法在预防犯罪方面的功能以外,还主张应该同时运用民法、行政法、社会法以及教育、卫生、社会福利等多种手段加以控制。同时确立了非犯罪化以及非刑罚化①在刑事政策中的地位。 Since the 1950s, the reform of criminal law started in continental Europe has established the criminal policy of the rule of law and human rights. In particular, the “post-war” “social defense movement” dominates the direction of criminal law reform at the time. The more representative point of view is that it criticized past retaliatory judiciaries and advocated the establishment of a new humanitarian criminal policy. In addition to emphasizing the function of criminal law in crime prevention, it also advocates the simultaneous control of civil law, administrative law, social law, education, health and social welfare. At the same time established non-criminal and non-criminal ① position in criminal policy.