为了提高PM-CO-OFDM-PON系统中上行数据的传输速率,提出采用偏振复用结构与相干检测技术相结合,通过光载波源方式实现上行链路光网络单元无色化传输的技术方案.利用光学软件VPI和Matlab,搭建了基于偏振复用技术的40Gb/s PM-CO-OFDM-PON系统仿真平台,结果表明:该方案可有效提高PM-CO-OFDM-PON系统中上行数据传输速率,并实现光网络单元无色化;利用相干检测比直接检测可以更高地提高接收端的灵敏度. In order to improve the transmission rate of uplink data in the PM-CO-OFDM-PON system, a technical solution is proposed to realize the colorless transmission of the uplink optical network unit through the optical carrier source method by combining the polarization multiplexing structure and the coherent detection technology. The simulation platform of 40Gb / s PM-CO-OFDM-PON system based on polarization multiplexing technology is established by using optical software VPI and Matlab. The results show that this scheme can effectively improve the uplink data transmission rate in PM-CO-OFDM-PON system , And achieve optical network unit colorless; the use of coherent detection than direct detection can be higher to improve the receiver sensitivity.