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三萜皂苷是牛膝根中主要的药用成分之一。利用皂苷定量分析与解剖学和组织化学定位方法对不同生长年限牛膝根的解剖结构及三萜皂苷的积累动态关系进行了研究。结果表明:牛膝根属于异常结构,三生结构发达。牛膝根的增粗生长主要依赖于额外形成层细胞的分裂活动,牛膝根中最多可以产生7~8圈额外形成层。次生韧皮部、栓内层和三生韧皮部是三萜皂苷的主要积累场所;三萜皂苷的积累动态随牛膝的生长年限增加呈现低→高的变化规律,3~4年生牛膝跟中三萜皂苷的积累达最大值。
Triterpene saponin is one of the major medicinal ingredients in Achyranthes root. The relationship between the anatomical structure of Achyranthes bidentata roots and the accumulation of triterpene saponins in different growth stages was studied by quantitative analysis of saponins and anatomical and histochemical methods. The results showed that the genus Achyranthes root belongs to the abnormal structure and the structure of the trios is developed. Augmented roots of Achyranthes bidentata mainly depend on extracellular layer formation of cell division activity, Achyranthes root can produce up to 7 to 8 additional layers formed. The secondary phloem, thrombus and trophoblast were the main accumulation sites of triterpene saponin. The accumulation of triterpene saponin varied with the growth of Achyranthes bidentata growing from low to high. The maximum accumulation of terpene saponins.