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交通流稳定性分析是研究交通堵塞、交通事故和交通流特性的基础,对于提高车辆行驶的安全性和道路通行能力等方面的研究都具有重要的现实意义。首先基于分子动力学理论,考虑前导车的行为变化以及外界环境变化等因素,对处于理想状态下的稳态车队进行了分析。然后采用微扰法从微观和宏观方面对交通流进行了稳定性分析,建立了基于需求安全距离的微扰跟驰模型。最后应用Matlab对微扰法研究结论进行了数值仿真分析。结果表明,当处于平衡状态的车队中的某车辆受到微扰后,车队能否在波动后恢复稳定状态与驾驶员反应强度系数的取值大小有关。
The analysis of traffic flow stability is the basis for studying the characteristics of traffic jam, traffic accident and traffic flow, and has important practical significance for improving the safety of vehicle driving and the capacity of traffic flow. First, based on the molecular dynamics theory, considering the behavior change of the leading vehicle and the change of the external environment, the steady-state fleet under the ideal condition is analyzed. Then the perturbation method is used to analyze the stability of the traffic flow from the microcosmic and macroscopic aspects, and a perturbation-following model based on the required safety distance is established. At last, Matlab is applied to the numerical simulation analysis of the perturbation method. The results show that whether the fleet can resume its steady state after fluctuating is related to the magnitude of the driver reaction intensity coefficient when a certain vehicle in the equilibrated fleet is subjected to perturbation.