实证主义是西方哲学史上第一个明确提出要以实证自然科学的精神来改造和超越传统形而上学的流派。中国从19世纪下半叶开始接受实证主义的影响。西方实证主义和中国实证主义思潮的代表人物颇具影响力。 Positivism is the first one explicitly proposed in the history of western philosophy to transform and surpass the traditional schools of metaphysics in the spirit of an empirical natural science. China began to accept the influence of positivism from the second half of the 19th century. Representatives of Western positivism and Chinese positivism are influential.