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采用稀释涂布平板计数法,研究了石灰碳铵及碳铵熏蒸对黄瓜和西瓜连作土壤尖孢镰刀菌数量的影响,以及熏蒸后施用生物有机肥对黄瓜和西瓜枯萎病的防控效果及植株生长的影响.结果表明:与对照相比,石灰碳铵及碳铵熏蒸后,连作土壤中黄瓜尖孢镰刀菌的数量分别下降95.4%及71.4%,西瓜尖孢镰刀菌的数量分别下降87.2%及64.2%;多因素方差分析表明,熏蒸、施用有机肥及作物种类均对土壤中尖孢菌数量、枯萎病发病率、防控率及生物量有显著影响;与未熏蒸施用普通有机肥对照相比,石灰碳铵熏蒸后施用生物有机肥能显著减少后茬黄瓜或西瓜土壤中尖孢镰刀菌的数量并显著降低枯萎病发病率,防控率高达91.9%及92.5%,同时显著增加了植株的株高、茎粗、SPAD值及干质量.表明石灰碳铵熏蒸及施用生物有机肥能够降低土壤中尖孢镰刀菌数量,有效防控黄瓜和西瓜枯萎病的发生并促进其植株生长.
The effects of ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbonitride on the population of Fusarium oxysporum in cucumber and watermelon were studied by dilution plate counting method. The effects of fumigation on the control of Fusarium oxysporum f. The results showed that the number of Fusarium oxysporum in continuous cropping soil decreased by 95.4% and 71.4%, respectively, and the number of Fusarium oxysporum decreased by 87.2% And 64.2% respectively.Multivariate analysis of variance showed that fumigation, application of organic manure and crop types all had significant effects on the number of sporidiosis, incidence of Fusarium wilt, control rate and biomass of soil, Compared with the control, the application of bio-organic fertilizer after carbon ammonium bicarbonate fumigation significantly reduced the number of Fusarium oxysporum f. Spores in late-season cucumber and watermelon soils, and significantly reduced the incidence of fusarium wilt. The control rates were as high as 91.9% and 92.5% The plant height, stem diameter, SPAD value and dry weight of the plants showed that carbon ammonium fumigation of lime and application of bio-organic fertilizer can reduce the amount of Fusarium oxysporum in soil and effectively prevent and control the cucumber and watermelon blight Health and promote their plant growth.