疏花对富士苹果光合同化物分配的外部调节和生理表现

来源 :西北植物学报 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:koel
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在盛花期 ,利用对树冠不同部位疏除花序的试验 ,对富士苹果树体内同化物的调配及其生理表现进行了研究。结果表明 ,苹果平均单果重和平均单果叶面积之间关系呈线性正相关 ,该相关关系在不同处理之间无差异 ( r=0 .91 ) ,充分说明在苹果树体内存在一个可自由流动的碳水化合物库或者说树体对结果具有光合调节作用 ,疏花可以从外部调节光合同化物分配的方向。对每株苹果树未结果部位和结果部位短枝及延长枝叶片净光合速率测定表明 ,结果和未结果部位光合速率没有显著差异。虽然疏花没有显著影响苹果单株枝条生长量和叶面积 ,但是 ,苹果树树冠全部疏除花序的一侧或主枝的平均枝条生长量和叶面积却比该树其它结果部位分别平均高出 1 53.5cm和 890 0 cm2 ,差异极为显著。苹果树疏除花序 1 /2或 3/4的数量使苹果平均单果重比不疏花分别显著增加了 33g或 79g,而果实钙浓度每百克鲜重分别降低了 1 .62 mg或 2 .66mg,充分说明当疏花显著地影响果实大小时 ,果实内钙浓度也会明显地发生相应的变化。虽然在疏花处理之间不同部位疏除花序没有影响单株花芽总数量 ,但是 ,每株树前一年春季疏花的部位比未疏花、结果的部位极显著地增加了花芽数量( SED=1 1 .6)。 In the full flowering period, different parts of the canopy were used to purify the inflorescences of the Fuji apple tree in vivo assimilation and physiological performance were studied. The results showed that there was a linear positive correlation between the average fruit weight and the average leaf area per apple. The correlation was no difference between the treatments (r = 0.91), which fully demonstrated that there was a free-flowing Carbohydrate pools or trees have photosynthetic regulatory effects on the results, and flowering can adjust the direction of photosynthate assimilation from the outside. The net photosynthetic rate of the shoots and the branches of the unproductive part and the fruiting part of each apple tree showed that there was no significant difference in the photosynthetic rate between the fruited parts and the unacceptable parts. Although flowering did not significantly affect the growth and leaf area per plant, the average shoot growth and leaf area on one or all major branches of the canopy of apple tree were higher than those of other trees 1 53.5cm and 890 0cm2, the difference is extremely significant. The number of sparse apple inflorescences 1/2 or 3/4 increased the average fruit weight of apple significantly by 33g or 79g compared with the non-flowering, while the fruit calcium concentration decreased by 1.62mg or 2, respectively. 66mg, fully shows that when the flower significantly affect the size of the fruit, the fruit of calcium concentration will obviously change accordingly. Although sparse inflorescence did not affect the total number of flower buds in different parts of the flowering treatment, the number of flower buds was greatly increased in the spring (Fig. = 1 1 .6).
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