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目的探讨肾性高血压大鼠左心室壁重构过程中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原分布的变化规律。方法采用双侧肾动脉狭窄法制作动物模型,32只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、术后2周组、术后5周组和术后7周组,利用无创动物血压分析测试仪评价高血压动物模型质量,免疫组织化学、Western blotting和图像分析方法检测各组左心室肌组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原的改变。结果与假手术组相比,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原网络在术后2周均无明显变化,术后5周心肌细胞及肌束周围Ⅰ型胶原粗细纤维束呈断裂、聚集或部分缺如。心室壁小动脉管壁Ⅰ型胶原鞘不规整,纤维束断裂,胶原聚集或堆积,血管外膜粗纤维束向间质延伸;术后5周组肌细胞周围Ⅲ型胶原粗、细纤维束均出现严重松散或紊乱;血管壁Ⅲ型胶原鞘呈现松散现象。图像分析结果显示:术后5周组与术后7周组相比,Ⅰ型胶原平均吸光度和平均面积比均存在显著差异(P<0.05);Ⅲ型胶原平均吸光度各组间无显著差异(P>0.05),平均面积比术后2周组与术后5周组之间差异显著(P<0.05)。Western blotting检测结果表明,手术5周后Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达量呈增高趋势,Ⅲ型胶原蛋白表达量呈降低趋势。结论高血压可导致左室壁Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原网络发生重建或破坏,血管外膜胶原结构严重受损。
Objective To investigate the changes of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen distribution during remodeling of left ventricular wall in renal hypertensive rats. Methods The bilateral renal artery stenosis method was used to make the animal model. 32 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, 2 weeks after operation, 5 weeks after operation and 7 weeks after operation. The non-invasive blood pressure analyzer Hypertensive animal model quality, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and image analysis methods were used to detect the changes of type I and type III collagen in left ventricular muscle of each group. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ did not change significantly at 2 weeks after operation. The collagen fibers of type Ⅰ collagen around the muscle cells and muscle bundles were broken, aggregated or partially absent 5 weeks after operation. The type Ⅰ collagen sheath of ventricular wall arterioles was irregular, the fiber bundles were broken, the collagen accumulated or accumulated, and the vascular bundles extended to the interstitium. The thickness of type Ⅲ collagen around the muscle cells in 5 weeks after operation was A serious loose or disorder; vascular wall type Ⅲ collagen sheath loose phenomenon. The results of image analysis showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the average absorbance and the average area ratio of type I collagen between the 5-week group and the 7-week group. The average absorbance of type III collagen was not significantly different among groups P> 0.05). The average area was significantly different between the two weeks after operation and the five weeks after operation (P <0.05). Western blotting results showed that after 5 weeks of operation, the expression of type Ⅰ collagen increased and the expression of type Ⅲ collagen decreased. Conclusion Hypertension can lead to the reconstruction or destruction of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen network in the left ventricular wall, and the collagen structure of vascular adventitia is severely impaired.