1909年,俄国人科兹洛夫在黑水城发现了大批西夏文书。1914年英国人斯坦因也在黑水城发现了一些西夏文书残片。其后,中国学者对这一地区进行了多次考察,获得了一些文书。在武威等地也有西夏文书陆续被发现。这些文献长期以来处于尘封状态,没有公之于众,研究成果寥寥。20世纪80年代以来,中国与俄、英、日、法等国家建立合作关系,将这些珍贵文献陆续整理出版,与此同时,中国学者也陆续将国内发现的文献整理出版,迄今已出版10余种。其中大多数辑有契约文书,少则数 In 1909, the Russian Kozlov discovered a large number of Xixia instruments in Blackwater City. In 1914 the British Stein also found a number of Western Xia Wen debris in Blackwater City. Since then, Chinese scholars conducted many visits to the region and obtained some instruments. In Western Wei Wuwei and other documents have also been found. These documents have been in a dusty state for a long time and have not been made public. There are only a few research results. Since the 1980s, China has established cooperative relations with Russia, Britain, Japan, France and other countries, and has compiled and published these precious documents one after another. At the same time, Chinese scholars have successively published and published the documents found in China so far and published more than 10 Species. Most of them have contractual documents, ranging from a few