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为定量评估芳烃装置歧化单元安全和环境风险,采用机制模型与传统危险与可操作性分析(HAZOP)相结合的方法,对该装置的循环氢压缩机失效等3个典型事故进行定量危害分析;针对3起事故中发生的苯泄漏情形,进一步采用工艺危害分析软件(PHAST)和危险环境区域(ALOHA)软件,模拟苯泄漏和扩散行为,并定量评价不同人员环境暴露吸入风险。结果表明:由于气团爬升效应和泄漏速率连续变化,PHAST的计算结果比ALOHA更准确;苯泄漏下风向不同位置的环境暴露风险处于10~(-5)~10~(-4)范围。
In order to quantitatively evaluate the safety and environmental risk of the disproportionation unit of aromatics plant, the quantitative hazard analysis of three typical accidents, such as the failure of a circulating hydrogen compressor, was carried out by combining the mechanism model with the traditional hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP) In view of the benzene leakage occurred in three accidents, the software of Process Hazard Analysis (PHAST) and Hazardous Area (ALOHA) was further used to simulate benzene leakage and diffusion and to quantitatively evaluate the risk of inhalation exposure to different personnel. The results show that the calculation results of PHAST are more accurate than that of ALOHA due to the continuous change of air mass climb effect and leakage rate, and the environmental exposure risk of different locations under the benzene leakage is in the range of 10 -5 to 10 -4.