目的探讨垂体Rathke囊肿的诊断与治疗。方法对22例主要表现为头痛、视力损害和全垂体功能低下,MR及CT检查诊断为垂体Rathke囊肿的患者采用手术清除囊肿,其中20例采用经窦入路,2例采用经翼点入路。结果术后头痛均缓解,88%视力损害明显恢复,80%全垂体功能低下明显恢复,1例好转。结论尽管垂体Rathke囊肿的临床及影像学表现呈多样性但某些临床及影像学特征有助于本病的诊断。经蝶窦显微手术清除囊肿是治疗垂体Rathke囊肿的有效方法。 Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary Rathke cyst. Methods 22 patients with headache, visual impairment and pituitary dysfunction, MR and CT examination of patients diagnosed as pituitary Rathke cyst by surgical removal of cysts, of which 20 cases by the sinus approach, 2 cases by pterional approach . Results All postoperative headaches were relieved, with 88% of eyesight visual acuity recovered obviously, 80% of pituitary gland function recovered obviously, and 1 case improved. Conclusions Although the clinical and radiographic features of the pituitary Rathke cyst are diverse, some clinical and radiological features may contribute to the diagnosis of this disease. Transsphenoidal microsurgery to remove cysts is an effective method for the treatment of pituitary Rathke cysts.