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一、前言十多年来许多学者在铀的毒理学方面进行了不少研究。目前一致认为六价铀进入体内后主要是沉积在肾和骨中,四价铀主要是沉积在肝和骨中;在急性中毒时铀的化学毒性要超过其放射性对机体的效应;肾组织的损伤是六价铀中毒的特征。由于铀的开采和冶炼具有重要的工业和国防意义,进行这方面的研究是十分必需的。这里报导的是将不同浓度之硝酸铀酰[UO_2(NO_3)_2·6H_2O]注入动物体内后,经不同时间杀死动物,以观察铀在肾中沉积的组织学部位;铀中毒后肾组织的损伤;及肾组织的损伤与铀在肾中沉积的组织学部位之间的关系。
I. Introduction For more than a decade many scholars have done a lot of research on the toxicology of uranium. It is currently agreed that hexavalent uranium is mainly deposited in the kidney and bone after it enters the body. The tetravalent uranium is mainly deposited in the liver and bone. In acute poisoning, the chemical toxicity of uranium exceeds its radioactive effect on the body. Injury is a feature of hexavalent uranium poisoning. Since uranium mining and smelting has important industrial and defense significance, it is very necessary to conduct research in this field. Reported here is the different concentrations of uranyl nitrate [UO_2 (NO_3) _2 · 6H_2O] injected into animals after the animals were killed at different times to observe the deposition of uranium in the kidney histological sites; uranium poisoning after renal tissue Injury; and the relationship between renal tissue damage and the histology of uranium deposition in the kidney.