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目的分析遂宁市2010-2016年农村人群寄生虫感染状况及影响因素,为制订防治对策和评价防治效果提供科学依据。方法统计遂宁市2010-2016年农村改水改厕覆盖率,寄生虫病防治知识及健康行为合格率,在3岁以上人群采集粪便样本进行钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫、蛲虫及肝吸虫等寄生虫感染情况调查。结果 2010-2016年,遂宁市农村卫生厕所普及率由60.64%提高到76.55%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);遂宁市学生的寄生虫病防治知识合格率从80.67%(121/150)提高到93.50%(187/200)(P<0.001);村民健康行为合格率从71.33%(107/150)提高到82.00%(164/200)(P<0.001);寄生虫感染主要是土源性线虫,感染率从6.69%(67/1 001)下降至1.50%(30/2 000)(P<0.001),肝吸虫偶有感染,无其他寄生虫感染。土源性线虫感染率最高的为蛲虫,其次为钩虫和蛔虫,感染率分别从22.72%(20/88)、2.50%(25/1 001)、2.30%(23/1 001)下降至6.41%(5/78)、0.55%(11/2 000)、0.85%(17/2 000),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论遂宁市寄生虫病防治工作成效显著,农村人群寄生虫感染种类减少,感染率大幅度降低。
Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of parasitic infection among rural population in Suining from 2010 to 2016 and provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures and evaluating the effect of prevention and treatment. Methods Statistics were made on the coverage rates of water and restroom and lavatories, parasitic disease prevention and control knowledge and the passing rate of health behaviors in 2010-2016 in Suining City. Stool samples were collected from 3-year-olds and parasitized by hookworm, roundworm, whipworm, pinworm and liver fluke Investigation of insect infection. Results From 2010 to 2016, the prevalence of rural restroom in Suining city increased from 60.64% to 76.55%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001); the pass rate of knowledge of prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in Suining city increased from 80.67% (121/150 ) Increased to 93.50% (187/200) (P <0.001). The passing rate of villagers’ health behaviors increased from 71.33% (107/150) to 82.00% (164/200) (P <0.001) Infectious rates of nematodes decreased from 6.69% (67/1 001) to 1.50% (30/2 000) (P <0.001), and occasional infection with liver flukes did not result from other parasitic infections. The highest infection rate of soil-borne nematodes was pinworm, followed by hookworm and roundworm, the infection rates decreased from 22.72% (20/88), 2.50% (25/1 001), 2.30% (23/1 001) to 6.41 % (5/78), 0.55% (11/2 000) and 0.85% (17/2 000) respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion The prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in Suining City has achieved remarkable results. The number of parasitic infections in rural areas has decreased, and the infection rate has been greatly reduced.