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目的通过分析上海市宝山区肺结核的发病规律及流行特征,为进一步控制宝山区肺结核发病水平及实施有效管理肺结核患者提供科学的依据。方法将2001—2010年宝山区新登记肺结核病例的相关资料进行描述性统计分析。结果 2001—2010年宝山区新登记肺结核年平均发病率该市人口为32.87/10万,流动人口为56.32/10万。发病时间分布呈现出4—9月相对集中的特征,该区居民与流动人口发病高峰基本一致。地区分布该区居民以通河街道发病数居首,占19.0%;流动人口以大场镇病例数居多,占24.34%。发病年龄构成该区居民以老年为主,其中65岁及以上年龄组占25.12%;流动人口以青壮年为主,25～34岁年龄组占36.60%。病例中男女性别比该区居民为2.5:1,流动人口为1.5∶1。职业分布该区居民以离退人员为主,占29.13%;流动人口以农民为主,占27.49%。该区人口新登记肺结核患者在市级定点医院就诊的比例较高,为73.85%,但在该辖区定点医院就诊的比例较低。流动人口肺结核患者在该辖区定点医院就诊的比例较高,为46.72%。结论提示应加强流动人口肺结核病的发现和管理工作;做好老年人群肺结核因症推荐及因症就诊发现肺结核的工作;努力提高该辖区定点医院的诊疗水平,发挥定点门诊的功能。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Baoshan District of Shanghai and provide a scientific basis for further controlling the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Baoshan District and implementing effective management of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the related data of newly registered cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Baoshan district from 2001 to 2010. Results The average annual incidence of newly registered tuberculosis in Baoshan District from 2001 to 2010 was 32.87 / 100 000 and the floating population was 56.32 / 100 000. The distribution of onset time showed the characteristics of relative concentration from April to September. Residents in this area were basically the same as those in floating population. Regional distribution The number of residents living in Tonghe Street ranks first in the epidemic, accounting for 19.0% of the total. Among the floating population, the number of large-scale towns is 24.34%. The age of onset is mainly composed of old people in this area, of which 25.12% are aged 65 and over. The floating population is mainly young and middle-aged, while the age group of 25-34 accounts for 36.60%. The male and female sex ratio in this case is 2.5: 1 compared with that in the district, and the floating population is 1.5: 1. Occupation distribution Residents of the district mainly retired staff, accounting for 29.13%; the floating population is dominated by peasants, accounting for 27.49%. The proportion of newly registered TB patients in this area at designated municipal hospitals was 73.85%, but the number of designated hospitals in the area was relatively low. Floating population of tuberculosis patients in the area designated hospitals for a higher proportion of 46.72%. The conclusions suggest that the detection and management of tuberculosis in floating population should be strengthened; the work of recommending and experiencing pulmonary tuberculosis due to tuberculosis should be done in the elderly population; efforts should be made to improve the diagnosis and treatment of designated hospitals in the area and to give play to the function of designated clinic.