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氮肥单施或氮磷结合作基肥施用,能增加株高,促进茎粗,并增加光合面积(叶面积、穗面积和茎面积)、干物重和叶绿素含量。不同氮磷营养处理的小麦剑叶面积与千粒重有明显的正相关,其相关系数为0.865,通过t值测定达到极显著。氮磷营养促使穗分化提早一天,对穗分化各时期日数没有明显的影响,而对生长锥长度比对照有明显的增加,因而增加穗长与小穗数。这说明在生产上除选用高产品种外,在栽培上通过氮磷结合作基肥施用也能达到增产目的。
Nitrogen application alone or combined with nitrogen and phosphorus as basal fertilizer application can increase plant height, promote stem diameter, and increase photosynthetic area (leaf area, ear area and stem area), dry matter weight and chlorophyll content. There was a clear positive correlation between the leaf area of flag leaves and the 1000-grain weight of different nitrogen and phosphorus treatments, and the correlation coefficient was 0.865, which was extremely significant by the t value determination. Nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition promoted ear differentiation one day earlier, had no obvious effect on the number of days of ear differentiation, but increased the length of growth cone significantly compared with the control, thus increasing the spike length and spikelet number. This shows that in addition to the production of high-yielding varieties, the combination of nitrogen and phosphorus in the cultivation of basal fertilizer application can achieve the purpose of increasing production.