目的　了解肿瘤坏死因子 α (TNF α)在百日咳菌液导致的感染性脑水肿 (感脑 )时的变化及与感脑脑损害的关系。方法　 99只大鼠随机分成空白对照组 (C组 ,n =11) ;生理盐水组 (NS组 ,n =44 ) ;百日咳菌液脑水肿组 (PB组 ,n =44 )。NS组和PB组又分为 30 ,6 0 ,12 0 ,2 40min 4个亚组。用RT PCR和ELISA方法检测不同时间大鼠感脑脑组织匀浆中的TNF αmRNA表达及蛋白质生成水平。结果　TNF α含量在PB 2 40min组 (76 8.4± 86 .3pg/ g)显著增加 ,分别与C组 (318.1± 31.1pg/ g) ,NS 30min(32 4.2± 6 5 .6 pg/ g) ,6 0min(32 2 .1± 73.4pg/g) ,12 0min(316 .8± 49.1pg/g) ,2 40min(32 9.9± 77.6 pg/g)及PB 30min(36 0 .3± 6 6 .6 pg/g) ,6 0min(35 8.5±49.1pg/ g) ,12 0min(35 6 .0± 5 2 .3pg/ g)组比较差异均有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。TNF αmRNA表达信号在PB6 0min组开始增加 ,并随注菌后时间的增加 ,而逐渐增强 ,2 40min达高峰。结论　感脑时脑组织中的TNF α含量显著增加 ,提示TNF α与感脑脑损害密切相关。 Objective To investigate the changes of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) in infectious brain edema (sensory brain) caused by pertussis bacilli and its relationship with brain damage. Methods Ninety-nine rats were randomly divided into blank control group (C group, n = 11), saline group (NS group, n = 44) and pertussis bacteremia group (PB group, n = 44). NS group and PB group were divided into 30, 60, 120, 240min 4 subgroups. RT-PCR and ELISA were used to detect the expression of TNFαmRNA and the level of protein production in brain homogenate of rat brain at different time points. Results The levels of TNFα in PB 2 40 min group were significantly increased (318 ± 31.1 pg / g), NS 30 min (32 4.2 ± 6.5 5 pg / g), 60 min (32.2 ± 73.4 pg / g), 120 min (316.8 ± 49.1 pg / g), 240 min (32.9 ± 77.6 pg / g) and PB30 min (36 ± 0.3 ± 6 6). 6 pg / g), 60 min (35 8.5 ± 49.1 pg / g), 12 0 min (35 6 .0 ± 52.3 pg / g), the difference was significant (P <0.01). The expression of TNFαmRNA began to increase in PB6 0min group, and gradually increased with the increase of time after injection, reaching the peak at 240min. Conclusions There is a significant increase of TNFα in brain tissue during sensory stress, suggesting that TNFα is closely related to brain damage.