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黄铜矿是我国主要的铜矿资源,采用中等高温菌是解决黄铜矿生物浸出速度慢、浸出率低,实现其生物浸出工业化的关键技术。本文通过富集技术获得一种50℃条件下的中等高温混合菌,通过分子生态学技术解析群落组成,并在摇瓶中研究了该混合菌浸出黄铜矿的影响因素。结果表明,该混合菌群落主要组成为Acidithiobacillus caldus和Ferroplasma属古菌。混合高温菌在45和50℃浸矿效果较好,在2%的矿浆浓度下,经过10天的浸出,浸出率分别达到75.4%和78.6%;在初始pH1.25～2.0,混合高温菌对黄铜矿的浸出可以获得较高的浸出率,8天浸出率均大于70%。混合高温菌对低矿浆浓度(2%～3%)的黄铜矿的浸出效果较好,随着矿浆浓度的升高,对黄铜矿的浸出能力也逐渐降低。
Chalcopyrite is China’s major copper resources, the use of medium high temperature bacteria is to solve the chalcopyrite bioleaching slow, low leaching rate, to achieve its bioleaching industrialization of the key technologies. In this paper, a medium-temperature mixed bacteria at 50 ℃ was obtained by enrichment technology. The composition of the community was analyzed by molecular ecology and the factors affecting the leaching of chalcopyrite from the mixed bacteria were studied in shake flasks. The results showed that the mixed community mainly composed of Acidithiobacillus caldus and Ferroplasma archaea. The results showed that the leaching rate of mixed thermophilic bacteria was better at 45 and 50 ℃, and the leaching rates reached 75.4% and 78.6% at the leaching time of 2 days at the pulp concentration of 2% respectively. At the initial pH of 1.25-2.0, Leaching of chalcopyrite can obtain a higher leaching rate, 8 days leaching rate of more than 70%. The leaching effect of mixed high temperature bacteria on chalcopyrite with low pulp concentration (2% ~ 3%) was better. With the increase of pulp concentration, the leaching capacity of chalcopyrite gradually decreased.