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复相催化剂的作用是直接和其表面大小有关,为了使它活化,必须尽可能地使它的颗粒小些。因此金属催化剂大部分是通过金属氧化物或氢氧化物的还原而制得的。作者采用了混合盐作制造金属催化剂的出发点。据格里姆(Grimm)规则,为了制取无缺陷的混合晶体,这些阳离子半径之间的偏差不能大于6％,此外,这些阳离子的电荷要相等,而且这些阴离子的化学性质也要相同。例如表1和表2所指出的那样。表1 一些阳离子的半径 Ni 0.78 A Mg 0.78 A Co 0.82 A Zn 0.83 A Gn 0.96 A Ca 0.99 A 为了使混合盐易于还原,作者采用了甲酸或醋酸盐。
The role of complex catalyst is directly related to the size of its surface, in order to make it activated, it must make its particles as small as possible. Therefore, the metal catalysts are mostly prepared by the reduction of metal oxides or hydroxides. The author uses a mixed salt as a starting point for the manufacture of metal catalysts. According to Grimm’s rule, these cation radii can not deviate by more than 6% in order to make a defect-free mixed crystal. In addition, the charges of these cations are equal and their chemical properties are the same. For example, as Table 1 and Table 2 indicate. TABLE 1 Radius of Some Cations Ni 0.78 A Mg 0.78 A Co 0.82 A Zn 0.83 A Gn 0.96 A Ca 0.99 A To facilitate the reduction of mixed salts, the authors used formic acid or acetate.