论文部分内容阅读
目的 探索皮毛加工作业环境对工人呼吸系统的影响。方法 对皮毛加工厂作业生产环境进行了真菌学调查 ,并对 138名皮毛加工工人及 40名不接触尘毒的对照工人进行了呼吸系统症状的询问调查、胸部X线检查及抗芽枝霉和抗交链孢霉抗体的测定。结果 皮毛加工各工序真菌数量 (6 2 9～ 36 81cfu/m3 )较对照组 (6 3～ 5 0 3cfu/m3 )明显增高 ,其优势菌种为芽枝霉及交链孢霉 ;皮毛加工工人咳嗽、咯痰、胸闷、气短及发热阳性率明显高于对照组 ,其中女工呼吸系统症状较重 ,阳性率分别为 37.9%、2 8.4%、10 .5 %、2 2 .1%、4.2 %。发现X线胸片异常者 7例。皮毛加工工人血清中抗芽枝霉和抗交链孢霉抗体A4 50nm 值分别达 0 .6 31± 0 .2 2 0和 0 .72 4± 0 .2 33,均明显高于对照组(0 .417± 0 .116、0 .493± 0 .141) ,抗芽枝霉和抗交链孢霉特异性抗体的阳性率为 44 .2 %、42 .8%,与对照组 (2 .5 %、2 .5 %)相比 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 芽枝霉和交链孢霉可能是皮毛加工环境引起过敏性呼吸系统疾病的致病因子。
Objective To explore the impact of fur working environment on workers’ respiratory system. Methods Mycology investigation was made on the working environment of the fur processing factory. The investigation of respiratory symptoms was conducted on 138 fur workers and 40 control workers not exposed to dust poison. Chest X-ray examination, Determination of Alternaria Alternaria. Results The number of fungi (6 2 9 ~ 36 81 cfu / m 3) in each process of fur processing was significantly higher than that of the control (6 3 ~ 5 0 3 cfu / m 3), and the predominant fungi were Mycobacterium phlei and Alternaria. The positive rates of cough, expectoration, chest tightness, shortness of breath and fever were significantly higher than those in the control group, of which women had severe respiratory symptoms with positive rates of 37.9%, 8.4%, 10.5%, 21.2%, 4.2% . Abnormal X-ray findings in 7 cases. The A450nm values of anti-spore-resistant and anti-Alternaria sp. Antibodies in serum of fur workers were 0.61 ± 0.22 and 0.72 4 ± 0.223, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the control group (0 .417 ± 0.116,0 .493 ± 0.141). The positive rates of specific antibodies against the spores and spores of Alternaria were 44.2% and 42.8%, respectively, compared with the control group (2.5 %, 2.5%), the difference was significant (P <0.01). Conclusions Both the budding mold and Alternaria alternatus may be the causative agents of allergic respiratory diseases caused by the processing environment of the fur.