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中国目前对农作物秸秆利用的两种方式,即秸秆还田和秸秆作为能源的生物利用。本文通过对中国农业科学院的实验试点及其下属的华东、浙江、江苏、湖北、山西、陕西等试点的三种中国主要农作物早水稻、晚水稻、小麦、玉米秸秆还田的增产情况进行分析。基于对效益的比较,通过计量计算、线性规划,用燃料乙醇的产生量作为衡量标准,在将秸秆还田后使粮食增产制备的乙醇量和秸秆直接生产的乙醇量进行分析比较的基础上提出适合国情的秸秆资源综合利用的建议——在可预测范围内秸秆还田效益在2016年后将大于其生物质能利用效益。
At present, China’s two ways of using crop stalks, that is, using straw as straw and straw as energy sources, are also available. In this paper, we analyzed the experimental production of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the yield increase of three major Chinese crops, early rice, late rice, wheat and corn stalks, which were piloted by East China, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei, Shanxi and Shaanxi. Based on the comparison of the benefits, through the calculation and linear programming, using the amount of fuel ethanol as a measure, after comparing and analyzing the amount of ethanol produced by grain yield increase and the amount of ethanol produced directly by straw after returning straw to the soil, Proposals for Comprehensive Utilization of Straw Resources Suited to China’s Conditions - The efficiency of returning straw to soil in 2016 will be greater than the benefits of biomass energy utilization.