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目的了解洛阳市吉利区法定传染病流行特征,为评价防控效果提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学研究方法,对传染病疫情资料进行分析。结果2010-2014年吉利区共报告法定传染病16种3 137例,年均发病率904.6410万。各类传染病报告中以肠道传染病为主,年均发病率为99.20/10万;其次为血源及性传播传染病,年均发病率45.56/10万;呼吸道传染病,年均发病率34.72/10万;虫媒和自然疫源性传染病,年均发病率1.44/10万。报告病种居前五位的是:手足口病、病毒性肝炎、流行性腮腺炎、其他感染性腹泻、肺结核。全年各月均有发病,农村高于城区(χ~2=68.25,P<0.01);男性高于女性(χ~2=56.32,P<0.01)。0~岁组发病率最高(542.4410万),80~岁组最低(10.96/10万)。结论肠道传染病、血源及性传播传染病是危害该区居民健康的主要公共卫生问题,呼吸道传染病不容忽视。应重点加强手足口、流行性腮腺炎、其他感染性腹泻的控制。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Geely district of Luoyang and provide a scientific basis for evaluating the prevention and control effects. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of infectious diseases. Results In 2010-2014, a total of 3 137 cases of legal infectious diseases were reported in Geely district, with an average annual incidence of 9.04641 million. The main types of infectious diseases were gut infectious diseases, with an average annual incidence of 99.20 / 100,000; followed by blood and sexually transmitted diseases, with an average annual incidence of 45.56 / 100 000; respiratory infectious diseases, with an average annual incidence Rate of 34.72 / 100000; insect vectors and natural foci of infectious diseases, the annual average incidence of 1.44 / 100000. Top five reported diseases are: hand-foot-mouth disease, viral hepatitis, mumps, other infectious diarrhea, tuberculosis. The incidence was higher in each month of the year than in urban areas (χ ~ 2 = 68.25, P <0.01), and higher in males than in females (χ ~ 2 = 56.32, P <0.01). The highest incidence of 0 ~ group (542.4410 million), the lowest of 80 ~ group (10.96 / 100000). Conclusions Intestinal infectious diseases, blood and sexually transmitted infections are the major public health problems that endanger the health of residents in the area. Respiratory infectious diseases should not be overlooked. Should focus on strengthening hand, foot and mouth, mumps, other infectious diarrhea control.