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一、引言随着科学技术的迅速发展,空间和地面核设施不断增多。发生核事故的几率也随之增大,继苏联“宇宙-954号”,“宇宙-1402号”核动力卫星失控坠落,美国三里岛等核事故后,苏联切尔诺贝利核电站于1986年4月26日发生了一起严重核事故,一个反应堆堆芯爆炸后起火,释放出大量放射性物质,放射性烟云已向各地扩散。这一严重的灾难性事故引起了世界各国人民的关注。各国科技界有关部门及环境监测站也相继得到了“对环境影响”
I. INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of science and technology, space and ground nuclear facilities have been on the rise. The probability of a nuclear accident also increased. Following the nuclear accident of the Soviet “Cosmos-954” and “Cosmos-1402” nuclear-powered satellites out of control and the United States of America’s Three Mile islands, the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the Soviet Union in 1986 A serious nuclear accident took place on April 26, when a reactor core burst into fire and released a large amount of radioactive material. The radioactive cloud of smoke has spread to all parts of the country. This grave catastrophe has aroused the concern of all peoples in the world. Relevant scientific and technological sectors in various countries and environmental monitoring stations have also been “on the environment”