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目的:寻找新的抑菌类化合物及开展昆虫天然产物化学的研究,通过药理实验找出昆虫的有效抑菌活性部位。方法:采用溶剂两段提取法提取昆虫虫体,用二氯甲烷溶剂浸渍2次,再用70%甲醇浸渍2次获得昆虫提取物。并采用了药敏试验法给药物定性和浓度梯度稀释法测出药物的最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)值。结果:在11种昆虫中,只有蝉蜕和蝼蛄2种昆虫的昆虫提取物(分别为蝉蜕正丁醇部、蝼蛄乙酸乙酯、蝉蜕乙酸乙酯和蝉蜕水部位),对金黄色葡菌球菌和结核杆菌有较明显的抑菌活性,其中蝉蜕乙酸乙酯对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用极强。结论:该研究将为抗生素新药先导化合物的发现和拓展昆虫化学研究方向提供新的思路。
OBJECTIVE: To search for new antibacterial compounds and to carry out chemical research on natural products of insects. The effective antibacterial activity sites of insects were found through pharmacological experiments. Methods: Insect parasites were extracted by two-stage extraction with solvent, impregnated twice with dichloromethane solvent, and then impregnated twice with 70% methanol to obtain insect extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of the drug was determined by drug susceptibility test to qualitative and concentration gradient dilution method. Results: Among the 11 insects, only the insect extracts of two kinds of insects such as cicada sloughing and catfish (respectively, n-butanol, cortex euchlore acetate, cicadae ethyl acetate and cicadae) were insecticidal to S. aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis has obvious antibacterial activity, of which cicadae ethyl acetate against Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial effect is extremely strong. Conclusion: This study will provide new ideas for the discovery of new lead compounds for antibiotics and the exploration of insect chemical research direction.