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玉米叶片生长习性为互生,叶片生长方向受数量性状遗传和种胚发育特性双重因素控制。通过人为干预种胚在土壤中的空间位置,可实现玉米叶片的定向生长。试验通过不同种植密度,不同种植行向,不同品种类型对玉米叶片定向生长的影响进行研究。结果表明,人为控制种子种胚的播种方位,可有效提高叶片生长的定向率,进而合理增加种植密度至13.5万株hm2,提高产量15%左右。种植行向对定向率无影响,紧凑型品种定向率高于半紧凑型和平展型。
The growth habit of maize leaves is alternate, and the growth direction of leaves is controlled by the double factors of inheritance of quantitative traits and embryo development characteristics. By artificially intervening the spatial location of embryos in the soil, directional growth of maize leaves can be achieved. The effects of different planting densities, planting orientations and different varieties on the directional growth of maize leaves were studied. The results showed that artificial seeding control of seed embryos could effectively increase the directional rate of leaf growth, and then increase the planting density to 135,000 plants hm2 rationally and increase the yield about 15%. The planting orientation has no effect on the orientation rate, and the orientation rate of the compact varieties is higher than that of the semi-compact and flat type.