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目的调查分析烧伤患者自尊水平和社会适应能力,为提高烧伤患者社会和心理康复能力提供参考。方法对笔者单位收住院的120例烧伤患者,采用自尊量表和烧伤患者简易健康量表,对不同烧伤程度、性别、文化程度的患者的自尊水平及社会适应能力进行评分比较。结果在自尊水平方面,中、重度烧伤患者的综合评分[(167±21)、(154±24)分]均低于轻度烧伤患者[(183±23)分,P<0．01]。不同性别、不同文化程度的烧伤患者自尊水平不同。男性患者自尊评分中的自我评价、社交、外貌等3项指标及综合评分均明显高于女性(P<0．05)。高文化程度患者的自尊评分中的自我评价、学习能力均明显高于低文化程度患者(P<0．05)。轻度烧伤患者在社会适应能力评分上高于中、重度烧伤患者(P<0．01)。男性患者社会适应能力总体比女性患者高,但在躯体功能方面则明显低于女性(P<0．05)。低文化程度患者的心理功能、社会关系及综合状况评分均高于高文化程度者(P<0．05)。结论烧伤患者的自尊和社会适应能力存在个体差异。
Objective To investigate the level of self-esteem and social adaptability of burn patients and provide references for improving the social and psychological rehabilitation ability of burn patients. Methods A total of 120 burn patients admitted to our hospital were enrolled in this study. The self-esteem scale and the BMI were used to compare the self-esteem and social adaptability of patients with different degrees of burn, gender and education. Results In the aspect of self-esteem, the comprehensive scores of patients with moderate and severe burn were lower than those of patients with mild burns [(167 ± 21), (154 ± 24) points, respectively] [(183 ± 23) points, P <0.01]. Different gender, different levels of burn patients with different levels of self-esteem. Self-esteem in male patients in the self-evaluation, social, appearance and other three indicators and comprehensive scores were significantly higher than women (P <0.05). Self-esteem scores and self-esteem scores of patients with high education were significantly higher than those with low education (P <0.05). Mild burns patients in the social adaptability score higher than those of moderate and severe burn patients (P <0.01). Male patients had generally higher social adaptability than female patients, but their physical function was significantly lower than that of women (P <0.05). Psychological function, social relationship and comprehensive status score of patients with low educational level were higher than those with high educational level (P <0.05). Conclusion There are individual differences in self-esteem and social adaptability of burn patients.