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经验法则是司法证明中的一项基础性法则,大陆法系司法证明理论对其进行了概括论述,其理论形态具有较高的概括性、抽象性。英美国家的司法证明学者在“涵括”概念下也具体探讨了经验法则相关的内容,与大陆法系学者对经验法则的概括论述有所区别,英美学者在阐述“涵括”理论时,更注重其在证据能力和证明力评断以及具体司法推论过程中的方法论和工具作用,为我们研究经验法则的内容、作用机制提供了一个新的观察视角。
The rule of thumb is one of the basic laws in judicial evidence. The theory of forensic evidence in civil law system gives a general description of the theory. Its theoretical form has a high degree of generalization and abstraction. The judicial scholars in the Anglo-American countries also discuss the relevant contents of the rule of experience under the conception of “inclusive ”, which is different from the general discussion of the rule of thumb by civil law scholars in China. The Anglo-American scholars elaborate on the meaning of Theory, pay more attention to its methodological and instrumental functions in the evaluation of evidence ability and the judgment of the proof power as well as the specific judicial inference process, which provides a new perspective for our study of the content and mechanism of the rule of experience.