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目的了解高校学生的膳食及营养状况,寻找主要存在的营养问题,以便制定干预措施。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,抽取某高校20～23岁的165名学生;利用调查表对其膳食情况进行为期5d的记录。结果该人群异常体质的人占33.3%,且以体质偏轻为主。男、女大学生体质状况偏轻者分别占12.5%、33.1%。男、女大学生能量摄入均不足,分别达到RNI的66.8%和89.6%。男生膳食摄入蛋白质、脂肪略低于参考摄入量,碳水化合物摄入合理。女生脂肪、碳水化合物略低于参考摄入量,但蛋白质略高于RNI标准。结论大学生营养状况较差,膳食结构不合理。在高校开展有针对性的膳食营养健康教育十分必要。建议大学生适当调整膳食结构、提高营养水平、增强自身身体素质。
Objectives To understand the dietary and nutritional status of university students and to find the main nutritional problems in order to develop interventions. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to select 165 students aged 20 to 23 in a university. The questionnaire was used to record their diet for 5 days. Results The crowd of people with abnormal constitution accounted for 33.3%, and the constitution is light. Male and female underweight physique accounted for 12.5%, respectively, 33.1%. Both male and female college students had insufficient energy intake, reaching 66.8% and 89.6% of RNI respectively. Dietary intake of protein in boys, fat slightly lower than the reference intake, carbohydrate intake is reasonable. Female fat, carbohydrates slightly lower than the reference intake, but the protein slightly higher than the RNI standard. Conclusion Undergraduates have poor nutrition status and unreasonable diet structure. It is very necessary to carry out targeted dietary nutrition health education in colleges and universities. It is suggested that college students adjust dietary structure properly, improve nutrition level and enhance their own physical fitness.