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集散控制系统(DCS)具有分布式结构,按系统结构进行垂直分解,它分为过程控制级和控制管理级,每一级又可水平分解成若干子集。从功能上分,纵向分意味着不同级的不同功能,如实时监测、生产过程管理等,横向分则意味着同级设备具有类似的功能。层次化的体系结构,体现了DCS集中操作管理、分散控制的思想。另外DCS采用的网络通信技术,使系统的控制与管理具有实时性,并解决了系统的扩充与升级问题。目前DCS广泛应用于冶金、电厂、石油化工、塑料、食品、港口等各个工业领域,控制对象可以是温度、压力、流量、液位、转速等多种过程量。
Distributed control system (DCS) has a distributed structure, according to the vertical decomposition of the system structure, which is divided into process control and control management level, each level can be horizontally decomposed into several subsets. From a functional point of view, vertical points mean different functions of different levels, such as real-time monitoring, production process management, and horizontal points mean that devices of the same level have similar functions. Hierarchical architecture, reflects the DCS centralized operation and management, decentralized control of the idea. In addition DCS network communication technology used to make the system control and management with real-time, and to solve the problem of system expansion and upgrading. DCS is widely used in metallurgy, power plants, petrochemicals, plastics, food, ports and other industrial fields, the control object can be temperature, pressure, flow, level, speed and other processes.