小儿斜视矫治术后常出现恶心、呕吐,用5HT_3拮抗剂昂丹司琼(ondansetron)预防有效。但是究竟是麻醉诱导时即静注还是术毕再注更有效尚无定论,为此,作者进行了前瞻性、随机、双盲的研究。 作者选择120名ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级、年龄为1～15岁,择期行斜视矫治术的患儿(均无晕病史,过去手术术后也无恶心、呕吐情况),禁食8～10h,术前3h只允许进清水少许。都不用术前药。患儿随机等分成两组(各60名),按双盲法给第Ⅰ组在诱导时注昂丹司琼100μg/kg,术毕注生理盐水。第Ⅱ组则在诱导时只注生理盐水,而在手术结束后注昂丹司琼100μg/kg。两组麻醉方法相同,先吸入氟烷-N_2O-O_2,静注维库溴胺100μg/kg,气管内插管。均用哌替啶0.5mg/kg镇痛, Pediatric strabismus surgery often nausea, vomiting, with 5HT_3 antagonist ondansetron prevention and effective. However, whether induction of anesthesia at the time of intravenous or surgery is more effective and inconclusive, therefore, the authors conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. The authors selected 120 ASA Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ grade, aged 1 to 15 years old, elective strabismus treatment of children (no history of halo disease, no past surgery after surgery, nausea and vomiting), fasting 8 ~ 10h, preoperative 3h only allowed into a little water. No preoperative medicine. Children were randomly divided into two groups (each 60), according to the double-blind method to the first group on induction induction ondansetron 100μg / kg, surgery was completed with saline. Group II was injected with normal saline only at the time of induction, and ondansetron 100 μg / kg was injected after the operation. Two groups of anesthesia method the same, first inhaled halothane -N_2O-O_2, intravenous vecuronium 100μg / kg, endotracheal intubation. Both with pethidine 0.5mg / kg analgesia,