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追溯中国社会主义思想史,是否和欧洲相同,也有着一条空想社会主义的脉流?也有过从空想到科学的转变?这一思想史上的“哥德巴赫猜想”,令相当一些学者走入误区,认为中国的科学社会主义,来自于本世纪初俄国十月革命后马列主义的传入,与中国是否有过空想社会主义无关;甚至认为中国近代根本就未萌发过空想思潮,“不论是《天朝田亩制度》、《大同书》或‘民生主义’,都不能列入空想社会主义范畴。”这显然是对历史的困惑。中国从近代起不仅相继萌发了洪秀全、康有为、孙中山和王光祈等人的空想社会主义思想,而且形成了典型的中国空想主张的特色,成为中国式科学社会主义的又一思想来源。可见,研究它无论是对于完备中国社会主义思想史,还是深刻理解“有中国特色的社会主义”命题,都有着较高的学术价值。那么,拂去历史的神秘面纱,中国近代空想社会主义的萌发原因、理论主张和历史影响等等,又是怎样的呢?
Tracing back to the history of socialist thought in China is the same as that in Europe and it also has a stream of utopian socialism. Has there ever been a “Goldbach's Conjecture” in the history of the thought from the utopian to the scientific? Has quite a few scholars have gone wrong . They think that scientific socialism in China came from the introduction of Marxism-Leninism into Russia after the October Revolution in the beginning of this century and has nothing to do with whether China has utopian socialism. It even considers that there is no utopian trend of thought in China's modern history and that “no matter” Tian Tian Tian Mu system, “” the book “or” people's livelihood doctrine, can not be included in the category of utopian socialism. “This is obviously a puzzled history. Since modern times, China has not only sprouted the utopian socialism thoughts of Hong Xiuquan, Kang Youwei, Sun Yat-sen, Wang Guangqi and others, but also formed typical characteristics of Chinese ideological proposition and became another source of thinking of Chinese-style scientific socialism. Therefore, it is of high academic value to study whether it is for the complete history of Chinese socialism or for profoundly understanding the proposition of ”socialism with Chinese characteristics." So what is the mystery of history, the germination of modern Chinese fantasy socialism, theoretical claims and historical influences?