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目的 探讨椴木尘的遗传毒性。方法 检测某火柴厂以接触椴木尘为主的工人的外周血淋巴细胞微核率。用椴木尘浸出液对小鼠进行了微核、单细胞电泳试验和肝组织活性氧自由基的检测及脂质过氧化水平 [丙二醛 (MDA)含量 ]、红细胞超氧化歧化酶活力 (SOD)的测定。结果 工龄为0～、5～、≥ 10年的接触椴木尘工人的外周血淋巴细胞微核阳性率分别为 5 0 .0 %、5 1.9%、5 0 .0 %,与对照组 (4 .5 %)相比 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;椴木尘浸出液染毒小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率也呈明显的剂量 -反应关系 (r=0 .78,P <0 .0 1)。染毒小鼠的SOD活力 [(10 .98± 5 .74)、(15 .70± 7.5 4)、(2 9.6 3± 14.97) μg/gHb]及MDA含量 [(4 .93± 0 .90 )、(4 .6 1± 1.0 6 )、(4 .33± 0 .6 9)mmol/g肝 ]与对照组[(35 .80± 12 .92 ) μg/gHb、(2 .5 1± 0 .34 )mmol/g肝 ]相比 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,并有明显的剂量 -反应关系 (SOD活力 :r=- 0 .6 7,P <0 .0 1;MDA含量 :r =0 .6 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。染毒小鼠肝细胞的单细胞电泳结果显示 ,随着染毒剂量的升高 ,DNA链的断裂有增高的趋势 ;肝组织中的活性氧自由基的信号也有随染毒剂量的升高而增高的趋势。结论 椴木尘可能存在一定的遗传毒性。
Objective To investigate the genotoxicity of Basswood dust. Methods To detect the micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in workers in a match factory who were exposed to basswood dust. The mice were subjected to micronuclei test, single cell electrophoresis test, reactive oxygen species free radical test and lipid peroxidation level (malondialdehyde (MDA) content), the activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD ) Measurement. Results The positive rates of micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers exposed to Basswood dust with working years of 0 ~, 5 ~, and ≥ 10 years were 50.0%, 5.91% and 50.0%, respectively. Compared with the control group (P <0.01). The micronucleus rate of polychromatic erythrocytes also showed a dose-response relationship (r = 0.78 , P <0. 01). The SOD activity in the exposed mice [(10.98 ± 5.74), (15.77 ± 7.54), (29.63 ± 14.97) μg / g Hb] and MDA content [(4.93 ± 0.90 (4.66 +/- 1.06) and (4.33 +/- 0.96) mmol / g liver, respectively, compared with the control group [(35.8 ± 12.92) μg / gHb, (2.51 ± 0.34) mmol / g liver], the difference was significant (P <0.05), and there was a significant dose-response relationship (SOD activity: r = - 0.67, P < 1; MDA content: r = 0.65, P <0.01). The results of single cell electrophoresis showed that the DNA strand breaks tended to increase with the increase of exposure dose. The signal of reactive oxygen species in liver tissue also increased with the dose of Increasing trend. Conclusion Linden wood dust may have some genotoxicity.